Department of Biology, Biochemistry, & Chemistry
Biology, Medical Imaging, Clinical Lab Science, & Health Information Management
For those students who expect to major in biology, a high-quality education in the pure science of biology is provided that stresses the inherent importance of the discipline, promotes understanding of the scientific process, encourages participation in professions based on biological knowledge and technology, and fosters an awareness of biological concerns in areas not directly related to the biological sciences. Biology majors can pursue either a B.A. or B.S. degree in Biology.
For students who seek a specialized health-related career, several options are available that involve preparatory coursework at Georgian Court University and then specialized coursework in a medical setting:
- Medical Imaging Science (Sonography): There are two options: Diagnostic Medical Sonography (use of ultrasound for diagnosis including sonograms to study the fetus as it develops in the mother) or Cardiovascular Sonography (Echocardiography; use of ultrasound imaging and other techniques to view the cardiovascular anatomy, diagnose cardiovascular conditions, and detect diseases and abnormalities such as aneurysms of the blood vessels).
- Clinical (Medical) Laboratory Science: This program is called Clinical Laboratory Science or Medical Laboratory Science (formerly called Medical Technology), and prepares students to perform clinical laboratory tests that provide laboratory data critical to the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of disease.
- Health Information Management: Those who want to work with health information in areas such as informatics, data analytics, compliance, medical coding, performance improvement, and management, may wish to enroll in the B.S. in Health Information Management program.
For students who do not expect to specialize in the sciences, the department offers instruction that provides insight into science as a way of knowing and communicates the major ideas of biology. Emphasis is on the significance of basic biological principles as they relate to specific social issues that currently confront humankind. Population growth, protection of the environment, and the use of genetic engineering to modify living organisms are some of the topics addressed in biology courses specifically designed for the non-science student.
For information about special partnerships in medicine, pharmacy, and physical therapy, see Partnerships & Preparation for Careers in Engineering, Law, & Health Related Fields.
Accelerated B.S. Biology + Seton Hall University M.S. Molecular Bioscience Program
Students pursuing the B.S. in Biology degree may complete all requirements except ten elective biology credits for their GCU bachelor's degree in seven semesters and enroll in Seton Hall University's M.S. in Molecular Bioscience program in their eighth semester, transfer back ten biology graduate credits from Seton Hall to GCU after the eighth semester, and then receive their GCU B.S. in Biology degree, thus accelerating their education and saving one semester of GCU tuition. Students can indicate their interest in the program when they first enroll at GCU, or at a subsequent time. To be eligible to enroll in Seton Hall University (SHU), students need to have an overall GPA of at least 3.0 and will formally apply to SHU's M.S. program at the beginning of the first semester of their fourth year. Students interested in learning more should contact the Chair of the Department of Biology, Biochemistry, and Chemistry.
Departmental Honors: Biology
Students who meet the following requirements will graduate with a B.S. in Biology, with honors in biology:
- Minimum biology GPA of 3.5;
- Completion of at least 8 elective credits of biology course work at the 300 or 400 level, excluding BI404 Internship in Biology I, BI405 Internship in Biology II, BI425 Independent Study in Biology, BI446 Research Problem in Biology I, and BI447 Research Problem in Biology II; and
- Completion of either Option 1 or Option 2 as follows.
- Option 1: Completion of 6 credits of BI446 Research Problem in Biology I; BI447 Research Problem in Biology II, culminating in a written paper and an oral presentation in a forum open to the public (e.g., GCU Academic Excellence Celebration, Beta Beta Beta District Meeting, New Jersey Academy of Science Annual Meeting).
- Option 2: Completion of 4 credits of BI446 Research Problem in Biology I; BI447 Research Problem in Biology II, culminating in a written paper and an oral presentation in a forum open to the public (e.g., GCU Academic Excellence Celebration, Beta Beta Beta District Meeting, New Jersey Academy of Science Annual Meeting) and completion of 2 credits of BI404 Internship in Biology I or BI405 Internship in Biology II culminating in a term paper and oral presentation of the internship experience.
Clinical Laboratory Sciences Major with a Minor in Biology
This is a joint degree program with the Rutgers University School of Health Professions in Newark and Scotch Plains. At GCU, students take a specific set of science courses leading to a minor in biology, and complete the general education (physical education, humanities and social sciences) requirements at GCU. This typically adds up to a total of 85 or more GCU credits. In the fall of the junior year (consult with advisor and Rutgers University website for deadline date), the student applies to the Rutgers University’s School of Health Professions. For the B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, the student specializes in medical laboratory science. If accepted, the student spends 15 to 18 months taking the specialized courses (45–50 credits) in the field of study. At the conclusion of the period of study at Rutgers University, the student earns a Bachelor of Science in Clinical Laboratory Sciences with a minor in biology.
GCU does not guarantee acceptance into any Rutgers University program. Rutgers University generally expects applicants to have earned no grade lower than a C in the required science courses and to have a minimum GPA of at least 2.85 (requirements subject to change). Meeting or exceeding the minimum GPA does not guarantee acceptance into the Rutgers University program. Some Rutgers University courses are taught online. For curricula at Rutgers University’s School of Health Professions for the Clinical Laboratory Sciences major, see the individual program webpages at the Rutgers University School of Health Professions website at https://shp.rutgers.edu/programs/.
Medical Laboratory Science at Jersey Shore University Medical Center & Monmouth Medical Center
Students follow the designated Medical Laboratory Science Track program in biology at Georgian Court for three years, following the recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Pathology. This program includes the required biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics courses for a B.A. or B.S. in Biology degree plus, as biology electives, certain courses that prepare the student for the medical technology program. For the fourth year, students take courses in medical technology at an affiliated hospital, and receive Georgian Court biology credit for those courses by registering for BI401 Medical Technology Internship I and BI402 Medical Technology Internship II at Georgian Court. At the completion of the fourth year, students receive a B.A. or B.S. in biology from Georgian Court. Students must have a minimum cumulative GPA of 2.8. After passing a nationally administered examination, they become registered Medical Technologists (MT-ASCP).
Application for admission to medical technology programs takes place during the junior year. Georgian Court is affiliated with the Jersey Shore University Medical Center (Neptune, New Jersey) and Monmouth Medical Center (Long Branch, New Jersey). Students are responsible for applying to the program of their choice. Georgian Court does not guarantee acceptance into a program. Students wishing to complete four years at Georgian Court may also apply to nonaffiliated medical centers.
Medical Imaging at Medical Career Institute of New Jersey
Students follow the designated Medical Imaging Track program in biology at Georgian Court for two to three years, following the recommendations of the medical imaging accreditor. This program includes the required biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics courses for a B.A. in Biology degree plus, as biology electives, certain courses that prepare the student for the medical imaging program. For the next year and half, students take courses in diagnostic medical sonography or cardiovascular sonography at Medical Career Institute of New Jersey in Ocean Township (Monmouth County), and receive Georgian Court biology credit for those courses by registering for BI431, BI432, and BI433 at Georgian Court. At the completion of the MCI program, students receive a B.A. in biology from Georgian Court. After passing a nationally administered examination, they become registered sonographers.
Georgian Court does not guarantee acceptance into MCI. For the professional sequence of coursework at MCI, see the individual program webpages at the Medical Career Institute of New Jersey website at https://www.mcinj.edu/.
Medical Imaging at Rutgers University
Students follow the designated Pre-Medical Imaging Track program in biology at Georgian Court for two years, following the recommendations of the medical imaging accreditor, and prepares students to transfer to Rutgers University's School of Health Professions for a Rutgers University B.S. degree in imaging sciences. At GCU, students take the required biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and general education courses that Rutgers University requires for its bachelor's degree in imaging sciences (diagnostic vascular sonography or cardiovascular sonography). Students take imaging sciences courses in years three and four at Rutgers University, earning a Rutgers University degree at the end of their program. After passing a nationally administered examination, they become registered sonographers.
GCU does not guarantee acceptance into any Rutgers University program. Rutgers University generally expects applicants to have earned no grade lower than a C in science and mathemtics courses (and no lower than a B- in BI213 Human Anatomy & Physiology I and BI214 Human Anatomy & Physiology II) and to have a minimum GPA of at least 2.85 (requirements subject to change). Meeting or exceeding the minimum GPA does not guarantee acceptance into the Rutgers University program. Some Rutgers University courses are taught online. For curricula at Rutgers University’s School of Health Professions for the Medical Imaging Sciences majors, see the individual program webpages at the Rutgers University School of Health Professions website at https://shp.rutgers.edu/programs/.
Health Information Management Major
This is a joint-degree program with Rutgers University in which students complete GCU's General Education and science courses. Application for admittance to the Rutgers University professional career program occurs during the second year of pre-professional coursework at GCU. Students complete the professional career program courses at Rutgers University during years three and four, taking courses that prepare them to work in areas such as informatics, data analytics, compliance, medical coding, performance improvement, and management. Upon completion of the Rutgers University program, the bachelor’s degree is awarded jointly by both institutions. Graduates are eligible to sit for the national Registered Health Information Administrator (RHIA) examination. A passing grade on the examination establishes the graduate as a Registered Health Information Administrator.
GCU does not guarantee acceptance into any Rutgers University program. Many Rutgers University courses are taught online. For curricula at Rutgers University’s School of Health Professions for the Health Information Management major, see the individual program webpages at the Rutgers University School of Health Professions website at https://shp.rutgers.edu/programs/.
Biochemistry & Chemistry
The chemistry and biochemistry programs provide the opportunity for students to appreciate chemical science as an intrinsic part of their liberal arts education. An understanding of the beauty, order, and harmony of the subject contributes much to a deeper understanding of the world in which we live. The implications of chemistry extend also to the realistic and practical fact that much public decision making rests upon the scientific sophistication of the citizenry. For these reasons, the department encourages training in chemistry for all students.
Students may elect to pursue a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Chemistry degree program, or a Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry degree program.
Students earning a bachelor’s degree in chemistry or biochemistry may confidently enter
- graduate work in any branch of chemistry, medicine, or dentistry,
- a career as a teacher in elementary or secondary school, or
- a career in government, science writing, business, medical technology, pharmaceuticals, or a wide variety of other positions in the occupational spectrum.
For information about special partnerships in medicine, pharmacy, and physical therapy, see Partnerships & Preparation for Careers in Engineering, Law, & Health Related Fields.
Accelerated B.S. Chemistry + Seton Hall University M.S. Chemistry Program
Students pursuing the B.S. in Chemistry degree may complete their bachelor's degree in seven semesters and enroll in Seton Hall University's M.S. in Chemistry program in their eighth semester, thus accelerating their education and saving one semester of GCU tuition. Students can indicate their interest in the program when they first enroll at GCU, or at a subsequent time. To be eligible to enroll in Seton Hall University (SHU), students need to have an overall GPA of at least 3.0 and will formally apply to SHU's M.S. program at the beginning of the first semester of their fourth year. Students interested in learning more should contact their advisor.
Departmental Honors: Chemistry
The honors research program in chemistry is an opportunity for distinction, offered by the department, to those majors demonstrating exceptional ability and commitment to the discipline. The program is by invitation only. Students will be informed of their eligibility at the beginning of the spring semester of the junior year. Upon accepting the invitation, the students participate in an independent research project with a professor (CH350 Research in Chemistry/Biochemistry I, CH449 Research in Chemistry/Biochemistry II or CH450 Research in Chemistry/Biochemistry III), for two semesters.
Students majoring in chemistry or biochemistry who are in the University Honors Program may choose independent research work with a professor (CH350 Research in Chemistry/Biochemistry I, CH449 Research in Chemistry/Biochemistry II, or CH450 Research in Chemistry/Biochemistry III) to meet their Honors Program requirements by contract.
Medicine, Dentistry, or Veterinary Medicine
Students may obtain a B.S. in Biology, B.S. in Biochemistry, or B.S. in Chemistry to prepare them for medical, dental, or veterinary school. The department's other degree programs are not an appropriate program for pre-professional students as the course requirements do not meet the entrance requirements for most professional schools. The student should become familiar with the specific requirements of the professional school(s) of their choice and use this knowledge, along with department advisement, to select courses. In addition to the core of required courses for the degree, the department strongly recommends the following courses:
| Code | Title | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| Recommended Courses | ||
| BI213 | Human Anatomy & Physiology I 1 | 4.0 |
| BI214 | Human Anatomy & Physiology II 1 | 4.0 |
| BI437 | Biochemistry I 1 | 4.0 |
| BI438 | Biochemistry II 1 | 4.0 |
| BI219 | Microbiology | 4.0 |
| BI407 | Neurobiology | 4.0 |
| BI427 | Immunology | 4.0 |
- 1
Strongly recommended.
Pre-professional students should take their professional school admission test during their junior year.
See also M.D. or D.V.M. Program with St. George's University and M.D. Programs with Western Atlantic University School of Medicine.
New Jersey Teaching Credentials
The New Jersey certifications below are available for students earning the B.A. in Biology, B.S. in Biology, or B.S. in Chemistry:
- Early Childhood Education (P–3) with Teacher of Students with Disabilities Endorsement
- Elementary Education (K–6) with Teacher of Students with Disabilities Endorsement, & with option for Middle School Science Endorsement
- Biology majors: Teacher of Biology (K–12) with Teacher of Students with Disabilities Endorsement
- Chemistry majors: Teacher of Chemistry (K–12) with Teacher of Students with Disabilities Endorsement
The New Jersey certifications below are available for students earning the B.S. in Natural Sciences:
- Early Childhood Education (P–3) with Teacher of Students with Disabilities Endorsement
- Elementary Education (K–6) with Teacher of Students with Disabilities Endorsement
For required professional courses in education and other education requirements, please refer to the Education section of the catalog.
Biology (BI)
Environmental Biology is a course concerned with the past, present, and future of life on earth, from the beginning of the universe through human civilization. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the major principles of the science of ecology and the environment, and students will gain a deepened appreciation for the interdependence and interrelatedness of all living organisms. This knowledge will be used to assess current and future issues arising from human use and degradation of natural resources. The principles of sustainability will be woven through the analysis of earth’s support systems and current environmental issues to provide a path forward for future generations. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
Life: Human Biology provides students an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Students will gain an understanding and appreciation of the elegant molecular mechanisms that underlie human genetics and reproduction, and learn the essential facts of the structure and function of the eleven organ systems that comprise the human body. Students may not take BI111 (or equivalent transfer courses) for biology major credit after completing more than 8 credits of biology courses. Students may not take BI111 (or equivalent transfer course) for credit after completion of BI213 Human Anatomy and Physiology I or BI214 Human Anatomy and Physiology II. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each year.
This course will focus on life itself, unified and diverse, interactive and evolving as it is experienced through life forms in the Sister Mary Grace Burns Arboretum at Georgian Court University. With the tools of science, students will observe and collect organisms for study; become familiar with the characteristics common to all life; discover the ways in which diverse species have responded to the challenges of surviving and reproducing on a rocky/watery planet. Attention will be given to history, geology, and continually changing Earth as life’s source and substance, and life’s role in shaping the planet and its own future. Readings, multimedia presentations, and online resources will supplement the required text. Questions arising from activities will fuel class discussion and lead to original investigations. Creative as well as standard laboratory projects will aid in the assessment of learning. This course is intended for biology majors. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
This course will focus on the characteristics shared by all living organisms. Topics include tissue structure and organization, the structure and function of biological molecules, cell organization, and cellular energies. Laboratory exercises are designed to require the application of concepts presented in lectures/readings, promote understanding and appreciation for the scientific method of inquiry, and support the acquisition of basic laboratory skills necessary to function in a modern biology laboratory. Presupposes an elementary knowledge of chemistry. Must be completed before taking many biology courses. Designed for biology majors and minors. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
This course introduces the biology major to the main reference books, journals and indexes used in biological research. It also prepares the student to do independent research projects using computer-based literature searches. Offered each fall.
This course is intended for students majoring in biology or other natural science. Topics include chromosome structure, meiosis and cell cycle, fundamental concepts in classic Mendelian genetics, gene regulation, population genetics, and evolution. Theories on the origin of life will also be introduced. Designed for biology majors and minors. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
Prerequisite(s): BI121.
A study of the organ systems of the human body. Topics include musculoskeletal, neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, renal and reproductive systems, and includes dissection and use of prosected models. Designed for premedical, nursing, exercise science, pre-nursing, allied health and medical technology students. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each year.
A study of the organ systems of the human body. Topics include musculoskeletal, neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, renal and reproductive systems, and includes dissection and use of prosected models. Designed for premedical, nursing, exercise science, pre-nursing, allied health and medical technology students. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each year.
Prerequisite(s): BI213.
A study of the morphology, classification, growth, physiology, biochemistry and genetics of microorganisms. Microbe-host interactions as well as basic principles of applied microbiology are also studied. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each year.
Prerequisite(s): Two semesters of biology and one semester of chemistry, or permission of chairperson.
This course introduces the students to basic concepts in pathophysiology as applied in current nursing practice. It builds on previous foundations in the biological sciences and focuses on the integration of pathophysiological with the principles of the nursing process. It introduces students to pathophysiological disturbances to normal body functions emphasizing differences in etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and treatments in individuals across the lifespan. The student will analyze objective and subjective manifestations of common health problems resulting from environmental, genetic and stress related conditions. Diagnostic testing, interventions and pharmacological treatments and related nursing implications are discussed as they relate to specific health problems. 3 hours lecture. This course is cross-listed with ES275 and NU275.
This course is designed for the student majoring in biology, marine studies, or ecology. Through classroom and laboratory experiences, the student will be able to identify the environmental parameters of marine habitats and their effect on the distribution of marine flora and fauna. Students will collect and identify numerous representatives of local marine forms, both in the laboratory and in field settings. The student will also demonstrate proficiency in the utilization of various types of equipment used to complete such tasks and demonstrate knowledge of the anatomy, physiology, and behavior of marine organisms.
Biological systems are characterized by interactions at all levels of organization from molecular to global scales. This course will provide students with the opportunity to build on and integrate the knowledge they have gained in previous science courses by researching a variety of interactions within and between cells, organisms, and ecosystems. It also emphasizes inquiry-based, collaborative learning and development of real-world problem-solving skills. Designed for biology majors and minors and for students in the Natural Sciences. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Students cannot take this course for credit if they have already earned credit for BI310.
Humans are the dominant species on Earth and their rapidly growing population is changing the biosphere in ways that are profound and often have unknown or unexpected consequences. The study of ecology is key to understanding the multiple feedbacks through which our activities affect both human health and the health of all living things on this planet. In this course, the fundamental principles of ecology, from population to ecosystem and biosphere levels, will be examined through the lens of human health and health care needs and issues. Topics studied will include factors affecting population growth and carrying capacity, competition, mutualism, predator prey dynamics, ecosystem processes, and biosphere level connections. Students cannot take this course for credit if they have already earned credit for BI305.
This course aims to provide the student an understanding of the molecular biology of the eukaryotic cell and promote an appreciation of the “social nature” of this cell as it cooperates and communicates with other cells and specializes its function within the body of a multicellular organism. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
A study of the morphology, physiology, evolution and taxonomy of plants. Fungi and autotrophic protistans and prokaryotes are introduced. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory or field work. Offered as needed.
Invertebrates make up over 95% of all animal life on our planet, with over 2 million species having been described and placed in more than 33 phyla. They are food for humans and other animals, they cause disease, they pollinate most of the plants we need and use, they affect global climate, some are important with respect to medicine, etc. All people, but especially biologists, need to have a good working knowledge of invertebrates. This course is intended to provide students with an overview of the animal-like protistans and of the Invertebrate Phyla within Kingdom Animalia, with a heavy focus on the latter. The evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships between these organisms will be used as a foundation from which to study animal structure and physiology. The goal of this course is both to introduce students to the diversity of life on this planet and to stimulate an appreciation of invertebrates and their remarkable evolutionary innovations. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
A course that addresses an advanced topic in biology. Lecture and/or lab for 1 to 4 credits. Offered with approval of the dean.
Prerequisite(s): Permission of the chairperson.
A comparative study of the anatomy of representative vertebrates, which aims to demonstrate the role of evolution in the interrelationships of the vertebrates at all levels of organization. 2 hours lecture, 4 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
This course will provide students with a broad overview of both terrestrial and aquatic tropical ecosystems. Students will gain insight into basic ecological concepts and will learn about a variety of tropical biomes and the numerous complex ecological interactions found in these areas. A number of case studies will also be used to investigate the specific applications of general ecological concepts in the context of tropical ecosystems. May be taken without the accompanying lab, BI362, which includes a travel abroad component. However, taking BI362 concurrently with this lecture is strongly recommended.
This laboratory accompanies BI361 Tropical Ecology Lecture and must be taken concurrent with that course. Students will experience a tropical ecosystem first hand during a travel abroad experience. In addition to multiple opportunities to connect the learning in lecture with real-life examples, students will carry out an original research project testing a hypothesis relating to concepts learned in the associated lecture.
Corequisite(s): BI361.
Students learn about human anatomy and physiological processes with emphasis on how systems interact with each other and the pathologies that can occur. Students will gain knowledge of the organ systems. Lab exercises will include the use of plastic and animal models for macroscopic identification of organs. Students will learn how to use the microscope, which will be used for histology. Students will gain dissection and clinical examination skills. Students will learn the science behind the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the human body. Students cannot take this course for credit if they have already earned credit for BI213.
Prerequisite(s): BI121.
Students learn about human anatomy and physiological processes with emphasis on how systems interact with each other and the pathologies that can occur. Students will gain knowledge of the organ systems. Lab exercises will include the use of plastic and animal models for macroscopic identification of organs. Students will learn how to use the microscope, which will be used for histology. Students will gain dissection and clinical examination skills and learn the science behind the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the human body. Students cannot take this course for credit if they have already earned credit for BI214.
Prerequisite(s): BI363.
First semester of a one-year program at an affiliated hospital. Instruction and clinical experience in blood banking, microbiology, hematology, clinical chemistry, parasitology, immunology, serology, pathology and nuclear medicine.
Second semester of a one-year program at an affiliated hospital. Instruction and clinical experience in blood banking, microbiology, hematology, clinical chemistry, parasitology, immunology, serology, pathology and nuclear medicine.
Prerequisite(s): BI401.
Biology-related work experience in corporations involved in various aspects of the health and science fields. Six hours per week, 2 credits each semester. Limited to seniors.
Prerequisite(s): Permission of chairperson.
Biology-related work experience in corporations involved in various aspects of the health and science fields. Six hours per week, 2 credits each semester. Limited to seniors.
Prerequisite(s): BI404.
An investigation of the structure and function of the central nervous system and the major sensory systems. Emphasis will be placed on the study of the brain: its development, current concepts related to the chemical and electrical phenomena of its neurons and the interaction of neurons in memory and learning. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
This course will provide students with experience in both plant and animal tissue culture technologies, including aseptic technique, use of tissue culture equipment, and typical cell culture assays. Focus will be on students learning how to grow, maintain, and characterize healthy mammalian cell cultures. 1 hour lecture, 4 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
This course delves deeper into concepts of microorganisms, beyond just the health care industry aspects. Students will be able to understand the significance of microbial anatomy, metabolic processes, and advanced genetics. They will then be able to apply these basic microbiology concepts to more real-world applicable analyses of microbial significance in biotechnology, ecology, symbioses, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and diagnostics. Students will further reinforce their understanding of microbial concepts through a series of hands-on laboratory experiments including, but not limited to, microscopy, aseptic technique, staining, viral plaque estimation, soil/water analyses, biochemical fingerprinting, and genetic engineering. Enrollment requirements: Only a maximum of two microbiology courses count toward a biology degree; no student may take a 200-level microbiology course after any 300- or 400-level microbiology course. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
In this writing intensive course, students delve into the intricacies of microbial interactions with an emphasis on body systems and clinical practices. Students will explore the most common pathogens in the medical field, examining symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments of infectious diseases. Laboratory exercises will include analyzing case studies to identify treatment of patients, staining to diagnose tuberculosis and other common infections, developing treatment plans for infected patients, and exploring microbes in various other hands-on exercises. Enrollment requirements: Only a maximum of two microbiology courses count toward a biology degree; no student may take a 200-level microbiology course after any 300- or 400-level microbiology course. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
A study of concepts in advanced molecular genetics including mapping and sequencing genomes, RNA synthesis and processing, RNA interference, and molecular phylogenetics. Laboratory exercises will complement class topics and include 3 multiweek projects emphasizing critical reasoning and the scientific method. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
This course gives the student the opportunity to pursue a topic of special interest in biology under the guidance of a faculty member. The topic to be investigated must be one that is unavailable to the student through the regular curriculum. Offered on application.
Prerequisite(s): Permisson of chairperson.
A study of concepts in immunology including humoral and cell-mediated response systems, immune cell function, antigen recognition, nonspecific host defense systems and disorders of the immune system. Laboratory exercises will emphasize application and analysis of concepts covered in lectures and readings. Students may not take BI427 for credit after completing BI428. Offered as needed.
First semester of a three-part sequence at a partner organization for sonography training. Instruction and clinical experience in preparation for certification exam in sonography.
Second semester of a three-part sequence at a partner organization for sonography training. Instruction and clinical experience in preparation for certification exam in sonography.
Prerequisite(s): BI431.
Third semester of a three-part sequence at a partner organization for sonography training. Instruction and clinical experience in preparation for certification exam in sonography.
Prerequisite(s): BI432.
The first course of a two semester sequence (CH311, CH312), this course provides an introduction to the chemistry of macromolecules in biological systems including the structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids; catalytic and regulatory strategies of enzymes, membrane structure, and signal transduction. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each fall. This course is cross-listed with CH311.
Prerequisite(s): CH224.
Building on the introduction to the chemistry of biological macromolecules (CH311), this course focuses on the metabolism of carbohydrates (including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis and degradation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation), lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids, and Gene replication and expression: DNA structure, replication and repair; RNA synthesis and splicing; control of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each spring. This course is cross-listed with CH312.
Prerequisite(s): CH311.
This course provides students in the B.A. in Biology a unifying, culminating experience in their major field. Students are challenged to use and extend intellectual skills and knowledge of biology acquired throughout their undergraduate training to research and develop a deep knowledge of a topic of their choice, and to prepare both a review paper and an oral presentation on that subject. Students will also learn how to interpret the reported outcomes of various common statistical tests and reporting methods in science. As a requirement for successful completion of the course, students will complete the Major Field Test.
Prerequisite(s): Completion of 21 biology credits (including BI201).
This course provides advanced students a unifying, culminating experience in biology. Students are challenged to use and extend intellectual skills and knowledge of biology acquired throughout the undergraduate program. As a requirement for successful completion of the course, students will complete the Major Field Test. Offered each spring.
Prerequisite(s): completion of 24 biology credits (including BI201) or permission of the chairperson.
One or two semesters; 1–3 credits per semester. Hours and credits to be arranged with research mentor. A student may earn no more than 6 credits of BI446, 447 total.
Prerequisite(s): Completion of 16 biology credits.
One or two semesters; 1–3 credits per semester. Hours and credits to be arranged with research mentor. A student may earn no more than 6 credits of BI446, 447 total.
Prerequisite(s): Completion of BI446.
This course will introduce students to the ways that the evolutionary forces of natural selection and sexual selection have shaped the behaviors of animals. Major topics considered include foraging behavior, learning and cognition, communication, anti-predator behavior, parental care and reproductive tactics, mating systems, and social behavior. Using case studies, field trips, and assorted media, students will both learn and apply a variety of methods used to understand the behavior of organisms across m and beyond. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
This course provides advanced instruction in the study of modern developmental biology. It requires that the interested student have a strong foundation in genetics, cell and molecular biology, and organismal biology. Through lecture/discussion, reading of the primary and secondary literature, and well-designed laboratory experiences using “model” organisms typically encountered in the modern study of animal development, this course will offer students opportunity to gain familiarity with modern analysis of developmental processes, and an understanding of the mechanisms that underlie animal development. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered as needed.
Chemistry (CH)
An introductory course that fulfills the general education science requirements. The extraordinary role played by chemistry is illustrated by studying environmental topics. Topics include pollution, ozone hole, global warming, energy crisis, water purification, acid rain, and nuclear energy. Basic concepts in the field of chemistry will also be discussed. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
An introductory course for non-science majors and natural science majors that emphasizes the principles of chemistry, specifically the comprehensive laws that help explain how matter behaves through inquiry based learning. The major theme explores the way in which molecules interact and how that explains the nature of substances. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
Second part of a two semester sequence. An introductory course for non-science majors and natural science majors that emphasizes the principles of chemistry, specifically the comprehensive laws that help explain how matter behaves through inquiry based learning. The major theme explores the relations between molecular structure within the body and their physiological functions. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered in the spring semester.
Prerequisite(s): CH111.
The first course of the two semester sequence (CH113,CH114), provides introduction to the systematic study of the fundamental principles and concepts of chemistry. Topics include matter and measurement, atomic theory, molecular structure and bonding models, stoichiometric calculations, aqueous reaction chemistry, states of matter, intermolecular interactions and thermo chemistry. Laboratory work is designed to develop an understanding of the experimental methods used to develop the theoretical basis of the science. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory, 1 hour recitation. Offered in the fall semester.
Building on the fundamental principles and concepts of chemistry (CH113), this course introduces the study of various branches of chemistry—inorganic, organic, physical and nuclear chemistry including chemical equilibrium, acid-base equilibrium, kinetics, electrochemistry and chemical thermodynamics. Laboratory presents a series of exercises that demonstrate the chemical principles presented in lecture. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory, 1 hour recitation. Offered in the spring semester.
Prerequisite(s): CH113.
Basic concepts of the three states of matter (solid, liquid and gas), composition of matter at the atomic and molecular level, nature of chemical changes involving matter, properties of carbon compounds and their applications in a biological system-biochemistry of proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids. The laboratory work will include hands-on experience in identifying a chemical change, separating mixtures and reactions of biological chemicals. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory.
An in-depth study of the Periodic Table of Elements and the atomic, ionic and molecular nature of materials. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the relationship between composition/structure of matter and its physical and chemical properties. The lecture introduces the most widely accepted theories on the origins and natural states of matter, and the bonding models used to explain and anticipate material properties. Descriptive chemistry will address the many numerous, important commercial chemicals and industrial processes. The course is recommended for those planning to teach in the physical sciences, but may be taken by non-science majors as well. 3 hours lecture.
Prerequisite(s): CH113.
The first of a two-semester sequence (CH223, CH224), this course provides an introduction to the chemistry of carbon compounds—bonding, geometry, functional group classification and isomerism, common reaction mechanisms and structure elucidation methods, and reactions and synthesis of hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons. Laboratory work will include simple organic synthetic reactions, purification and identification of organic compounds with emphasis on the use of instrumentation. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each fall.
Prerequisite(s): CH114.
Building on the introduction to the chemistry of carbon compounds (CH223), this course focuses on the spectroscopic structure elucidation methods (mass spectrometry, UV-VIS, IR, and NMR spectroscopy) and reactions and synthesis of aromatic compounds, oxygenated and nitrogenous compounds and natural product chemistry. Laboratory work will include organic synthesis and isolation of a natural product, with emphasis on the use of instrumentation (GC-MS, UV-VIS, and IR). 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each spring.
Prerequisite(s): CH223.
Applications of the principles of chemical equilibrium to the theory and techniques of titrimetric, gravimetric and electrogravimetric procedures. Discussion of sample preparation, method validation and emphasis on statistical treatment of data with the application of spreadsheets for data manipulation and presentation. 3 hours lecture, 4 hours laboratory.
Prerequisite(s): CH114.
Introduction to the sources of retrospective and current chemical information (i.e., primary peer reviewed literature, handbooks, abstracts, reviews, monographs, and compendiums), with emphasis on the techniques of retrieval and evaluation of this information using on-line databases (SciFinder, Science Direct), and the Internet. Preparation of scientific papers, literature reviews and literary techniques. 2 hours lecture. Usually offered online.
Prerequisite(s): CH224.
The first course of a two semester sequence (CH311, CH312), this course provides an introduction to the chemistry of macromolecules in biological systems including the structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids; catalytic and regulatory strategies of enzymes, membrane structure, and signal transduction. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each fall. This course is cross-listed with BI437.
Prerequisite(s): CH224.
Building on the introduction to the chemistry of biological macromolecules (CH311), this course focuses on the metabolism of carbohydrates (including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis and degradation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation), lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids, and Gene replication and expression: DNA structure, replication and repair; RNA synthesis and splicing; control of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. Offered each spring. This course is cross-listed with BI438.
Prerequisite(s): CH311.
Principles of quantum chemistry including the following topics: quantum approaches to atomic and molecular structure, symmetry adopted linear combinations of molecular orbitals, semi-empirical an ab initio methods, rotational, vibrational, and electronic and magnetic resonance spectroscopies and photochemistry. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory, 1 hour recitation.
Principles of physical chemistry including thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium and reaction kinetics and electrochemistry. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory, 1 hour recitation.
Pre/corequisite(s): PH122.
In depth study of atomic theory and the periodic table, main group and transition elements, molecular structure and bonding models, states of matter, solution chemistry, acids and bases, equilibrium, kinetics, coordination and organometallic chemistry, Group Theory and spectroscopy. Laboratory experience includes synthesis and characterization of inorganic compounds. 3 hours lecture, 4 hours laboratory.
Pre/corequisite(s): CH223.
Provides the students with an industrial or advanced academic research experience. Students present research findings at an industrial or academic seminar on-site and give a written report to the department. 1–4 credits depending on the duration of the experience.
Prerequisite(s): Junior or senior status.
Provides the students an opportunity to participate in an independent research project under the guidance of a professor (5 hours a week; hours to be arranged with the professor). A technical paper covering the existing literature on the topic of research and results of the investigation has to be submitted. Assessment for this course is pass/fail. This course is open to junior and senior chemistry and biochemistry majors. Students majoring in chemistry or biochemistry who are in the University Honors Program may choose independent research work with a professor (Honors Program coursework by contract, CH350H, 8 hours/week) and will receive a letter grade for the course. The course contract must be prepared with the professor and approved by the Honors Program director prior to starting the research work.
Theoretical principles and practical aspects of spectral, electrochemical, chromatographic, colligative and nuclear instrumentation. Discusses physical and chemical properties of matter that make measurement possible. Laboratory experiences designed to familiarize the student with the modern instruments and techniques used in chemistry today. 3 hours lecture, 4 hours laboratory.
Prerequisite(s): CH241.
Pre/corequisite(s): CH332.
Topics will vary according to the area of specialization of the professor teaching the course and the interest of the students. A student may earn no more than 6 credits of CH416.
This course is a capstone experience for majors in chemistry or biochemistry that requires the students to unify the knowledge and skills learned in all other courses. The course instruction focuses on planning, obtaining and organizing technical information from primary and secondary journals to develop a review article on a chosen topic. Skills needed to be an effective speaker will also be discussed. The students will prepare a technical review article on a current topic and present a seminar on this topic to the faculty and students of the department. 1 hour lecture.
Pre/corequisite(s): CH332.
Provides the students an opportunity to participate in an independent research project under the guidance of a professor (5 hours a week; hours to be arranged with the professor). A technical paper covering the existing literature on the topic of research and results of the investigation has to be submitted. Assessment for this course is pass/fail. This course is open to junior and senior chemistry and biochemistry majors. Students majoring in chemistry or biochemistry who are in the University Honors Program may choose independent research work with a professor (Honors Program coursework by contract, CH449H, 8 hours/week) and will receive a letter grade for the course. The course contract must be prepared with the professor and approved by the Honors Program director prior to starting the research work.
Prerequisite(s): CH350.
Provides the students an opportunity to participate in an independent research project under the guidance of a professor (5 hours a week; hours to be arranged with the professor). A technical paper covering the existing literature on the topic of research and results of the investigation has to be submitted. Assessment for this course is pass/fail. This course is open to junior and senior chemistry and biochemistry majors. Students majoring in chemistry or biochemistry who are in the University Honors Program may choose independent research work with a professor (Honors Program coursework by contract, CH450H, 8 hours/week) and will receive a letter grade for the course. The course contract must be prepared with the professor and approved by the Honors Program director prior to starting the research work.
Prerequisite(s): CH449.
For descriptions of courses taught at Rutgers University by Rutgers University faculty members, please visit http://shrp.rutgers.edu
For curriculum at Rutgers University’s School of Health Professions for the Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Imaging Sciences majors, see the Rutgers University website at http://shrp.rutgers.edu/affiliates/georgiancourt.html
Carolyn A. Bergman, Associate Professor of Biology; Chair, Department of Biology, Biochemistry, & Chemistry; Director of Medical Partnerships
Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania
B.S., University of California, Berkeley
Prasad S. Lakkaraju, Professor of Chemistry; Director, Biochemistry and Chemistry Programs
Ph.D., Indian Institute of Technology
B.Sc., Andhra University
Eduard Bitto, Associate Professor of Biochemistry
Ph.D., University of Illinois at Chicago
M.S., Charles University, Czech Republic
Brunella Bowditch, Associate Professor of Biology
Ph.D., M.S., George Washington University
B.S., Universita di Roma La Sapienza, Italy
Shashini Diwakara, Assistant Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Ph.D., University of Texas at Dallas
B.S., University of Peradeniya
Michael F. Gross, Professor of Biology; Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs; Director of the Arboretum
Ph.D., University of Delaware
B.S., Lebanon Valley College
Jessica A. Lisa, Assistant Professor of Biology
Ph.D., Virginia Institute of Marine Science
B.S., Monmouth University
A.A., Brookdale Community College
Jean Parry, Associate Professor of Biology; Director of the Advising Fellows
Ph.D., Rutgers, The University of New Jersey
B.S., Drexel University